All study participants were selected from the four traditional Emirates in Kebbi State. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. 8, frontiers in medicine. National Library of Medicine [cited 2022 Apr 6]. Help Accessibility Careers. Instead of collecting numerical data points or intervene or introduce treatments just like in quantitative research, qualitative research helps generate hypotheses as well as further inves The semi-structured interview guide was generated from the literature review, theories and expert opinion of the research team. He T, Lykov N, Luo X, Wang H, Du Z, Chen Z, Chen S, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Tzeng C. Int J Mol Sci. Each respondent was provided with his/her interview transcription for validation before data analysis. This could be a subject of future investigation. World Health Organization. This study is germane given the paucity of research on AEFI in Nigeria. A stand-alone application for viewing 3-dimensional structures from NCBI's Entrez retrieval service. The RAAS inhibitors are commonly used in clinical practice as they are beneficial in the management of a range of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, with not only symptomatic but also prognostic benefit [1]. Mohammed LA, Aliyu AA, Maiha BB, Isa A. A multi-center phase II randomized clinical trial of losartan on symptomatic outpatients with COVID-19. Download viral genome and protein sequences, annotation, and a data report from NCBI Datasets. Predictors of severe or lethal COVID-19, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers, in a sample of infected Italian citizens. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. FOIA Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2022;5(3):222735. Background and purpose: Preclinical data suggest that cell-based therapies have the potential to improve stroke outcomes. An official website of the United States government. Get the latest list of SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide sequences. ACE2 can covert Ang-I and Ang-II to angiotensin- [17]. Finally, the experience of reporting and documenting AEFI cases was not included in this study. Ann Afr Med. Reproduced with permission from Baral et al. Since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, however, the medications involved in the RAAS came to the spotlight and attracted a lot of research interest. With the emergence of SARS coronavirus in 2003, ACE2 was identified as the key receptor that facilitates the entry of the virus into the cells [27]. NLM; NIH . Our study is in tandem with the Australian study, where most of the study participants experienced suspected AEFI in their careers [19]. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of LG2055 on fat hydrolysis by determining pancreatic lipase activity and fat emulsion properties in vitro. Duarte M, Pelorosso F, Nicolosi LN, Victoria Salgado M, Vetulli H, Aquieri A, et al. Use of RAAS inhibitors and risk of clinical deterioration in COVID-19: results from an italian cohort of 133 hypertensives. Disclaimer. Most of the study participants in our study were not able to classify AEFI as per the guideline. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20894. The Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 revealed that 31% of children aged 1223months had received all essential vaccinations, and 21% had received age-appropriate vaccination [4]. The difference between our study and the Lagos study might be due to study participant selection. PLoS One [Internet]. A respondent from a health facility said: Due to the way the RI provider is administering the vaccine; lack of proper administration of the vaccine to the child may cause AEFI e.g., Penta vaccine given at the wrong site.-RT4. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Here, we developed human induced pluripotent cell-derived HLA-I-deficient platelets (HLA-KO iPLA See also: Searching by author . NLM; NIH; HHS; USA.gov . Effects of milk fermented by Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 on adipocyte size in rats. Delete. Background: National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health 2020 Jul 20;7:100999. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100999. Felice C, Nardin C, Di Tanna GL, Grossi U, Bernardi E, Scaldaferri L, et al. Bookshelf . Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies There are concerns about the quality of administrative data for routine immunization in Nigeria, specifically in Kebbi State [15]. Efficacy and safety of prophylaxis with once-weekly BAY 79 - PubMed 2020;24(1):110. 2021 Jun 7;8:693412. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.693412. The participants' confidentiality was maintained throughout the study. 2021;16(3 March):116. The ACE2/Angiotensin-(17)/Mas axis of the renin-angiotensin system: Focus on Angiotensin-(17). Gbenewei E, Nomhwange T, Taiwo L, Ayodeji I, Yusuf K, Jean Baptiste AE, et al. This purposive selection excluded the healthcare providers at the secondary and tertiary levels. Learn About PubMed FAQs & User Guide Available from: Bauer A, Schreinlechner M, Sappler N, Dolejsi T, Tilg H, Aulinger BA, et al. There was a general knowledge gap in AEFI definition and classification among healthcare providers. Therapeutic and Improving Function of Lactobacilli in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular-Related Diseases: A Novel Perspective From Gut Microbiota. Firm conclusions, however, cannot be drawn from these studies given the small number of participants, the different settings and the different pharmacological agents that were used. In our study, we used the qualitative method and the study participants were expectedto define according to the AEFI guideline. A veteran respondent shared his experience on AEFI he has ever witnessed as follows. Zisman LS. iPSC-Derived Platelets Depleted of HLA Class I Are Inert to - PubMed However, the symptomatology of Parkinson's disease i Therefore, we recommend that policymakers consider regular refresher training for healthcare providers on AEFI. There is far too little research conducted in Nigeria related to AEFI, yet very few assessed the knowledge, practice, and management of AEFI among health care providers. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03862.x. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has a crucial role in the regulation of sympathetic system and tone and the control of the blood pressure, vascular tone and electrolyte balance. The interviewers obtained informed consent and permission to record the interviews from participants before commencing the interviews. the RAAS inhibitors. I told the RI provider to health educate the caregivers before conducting any session on the issue of AEFI and I educated the RI provider on how to educate caregivers during RI-RT5, Before we can prevent something, we must know the cause . 2020 Oct 21 [cited 2022 Apr 7];33(10):9448. Educating caregivers, community sensitization and community dialogue were actions taken by the respondents to overcome the consequence of AEFI. Effects of renin-angiotensin system blockade on renal angiotensin-(17) forming enzymes and receptors. Before Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors. The clinical study was performed as a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The protease renin converts angiotensinogen to Ang-I, which is subsequently converted to Ang-II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). It has long been characterised by the classical motor features of parkinsonism associated with Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Subsequent large-scale studies, however, showed that there was no association between the use of these medications with the occurrence of a positive test or the clinical course and severity of the infection [3133]. In a retrospective study, Wu et al. Would you like email updates of new search results? It does not include full text journal articles; however . Chen Y, Guo Y, Pan Y, Zhao ZJ. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. Consistent with the NMDAR hypofunction theory of schizophrenia, distinct schizophrenia-related symptoms emerged after adolescence . Different possible causes or factors of AEFI were entertained by the respondents. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors improve the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. The reninangiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) has a crucial role in the regulation of sympathetic system and tone and the control of the blood pressure, vascular tone and electrolyte balance. -, Sato M, Uzu K, Yoshida T, Hamad EM, Kawakami H, Matsuyama H, et al. Another interventional study done in Ilorin, Northcentral part of Nigeria, showed that most of the study participants had poor knowledge of safe immunization injection techniques and were unaware of any policy on injection safety before the health education intervention [12]. 2021;37:100957. However, one of the respondents bluntly responded: AEFI is an adverse event that follows immediately after immunization, I dont know the classification.-RT11. The https: // ensures that you . Besides, refresher training on safe injection procedures and symptomatic treatment of AEFI were ways to prevent AEFI and its negative consequences. Demographic characteristics of the study participants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun [Internet]. Immun Inflamm Dis. Muchekeza, M, Chimusoro A, Ncube N, Pomerai K. Adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) surveillance in Kwekwe district, Midlands province, Zimbabwe, 20092010. It has to be noted that none of the aforementioned studies assessed the direct impact of the commonly used medications for these co-morbidities, i.e. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help A total of 970 radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted (T2-w) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CET1-w) MRI. A study in Zimbabwe found a gap in knowledge where none of the health workers could precisely define an AEFI[10]. vol. Ang-II can bind to the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) to exert actions, such as vasoconstriction, hypertrophy, fibrosis, proliferation, inflammation and oxidative stress. Besides, AEFI notification and investigation forms were available at six out of 18 health facilities [10]. Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) has been shown to prevent abdominal adiposity, and suppression of lipid absorption is considered a possible mechanism, detail of which, however, are poorly understood. The .gov means it's official. Persistent crying, fever, faintness and swelling and tenderness at injection sites were among the frequently mentioned ones. Besides, health education to caregivers during RI sessions, community engagement and sensitization should be strengthened to avoid low uptake of immunization due to AEFI. Although COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory disease, it is well known that its course may have a detrimental effect on the cardiovascular system with resultant acute or sub-acute myocardial injury and/or inflammation [19, 20]. Vaccines used in the national immunization program are relatively safe and effective. Clin Exp Hypertens [Internet]. Biosci Microflora. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the [. See all results in PubMed (376) The association between vitamin D intake with inflammatory and biochemical indices and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A case-control study. Recently, The Lancet published a study on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and the waning of immunity with time. bulgaricus JCM1002T and Streptococcus thermophilus ATCC19258T). These infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours after admission t To solve this problem, we developed an index, the "patient-ventilator breath contribution" (PVBC), using the inspiratory deflection of the diaphragmatic electrical activity (EAdi) and Vt(insp . Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. A non-pre-specified interim analysis of 102 participants of the RASTAVI (Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Benefits in Clinical Evolution and Ventricular Remodeling After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial showed that, even in this high-risk cohort of patients, RAAS inhibitors did not affect the impact or the severity of COVID-19 infection [44]. Therefore to improve and standardize the understanding, knowledge, and practice of AEFI among health care providers, the Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria developed an AEFI guideline introduced into Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) a few years back [3]. Data collectors were part of the research team and supported the study to the point of field data collection (interviews). However, the AEFI report from RI was suboptimal. Mehta N, Kalra A, Nowacki AS, Anjewierden S, Han Z, Bhat P, et al. However, no vaccine is perfectly safe. Understanding the SARS-CoV-2 virus' pathways of infection, virus-host-protein interactions, and mechanisms of virus-induced cytopathic effects will greatly aid in the discovery and design of new therapeutics to treat COVID-19. Haschke M, Schuster M, Poglitsch M, Loibner H, Salzberg M, Bruggisser M, et al. The PubMed database contains more than 35 million citations and abstracts of biomedical literature. Beyond that, community sensitization and dialogue and reassurance of caregivers were strategies mentioned to overcome community vaccine hesitancy following AEFI. The study setting is Kebbi State, which is in the Northwest part of Nigeria. delbrueckii subsp. National Center for Biotechnology Information I have experienced a case of AEFI which was caused due to anxiety and because the child became afraid by seeing the syringe- RT24. Confirm [x] . 2013 Nov 14;110(9):1696-703. doi: 10.1017/S0007114513001037. Transcriptome profiling revealed multiple genes and ECM - PubMed Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent - PubMed Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Structure analysis of the receptor binding of 2019-nCoV. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies NLM; NIH; HHS; USA.gov . Binding to the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) to initiate its actions, angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor with a deleterious effect upon tissues of various organs as it promotes inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress [12, 13]. Available from: 10.1007/s00392-022-02007-0. Available from: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30116-8. That is because coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV), the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2(SARS-CoV-2), use the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2) as their receptor in order to achieve their entrance in the host cell and trigger an immune reaction [2].
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